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	<title>Qatar &#8211; Kalam</title>
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	<title>Qatar &#8211; Kalam</title>
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		<title>Navigating digital labour transitions in MENA: Lessons from Qatar and Lebanon</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/navigating-digital-labour-transitions-in-mena-lessons-from-qatar-and-lebanon/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/navigating-digital-labour-transitions-in-mena-lessons-from-qatar-and-lebanon/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sara Cherqaoui]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 10:31:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Levant]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gulf]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lebanon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=5234</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Digital transformation is reshaping labour markets across the Middle East and North Africa. Broadly defined, digital labour refers to employment that is mediated or enabled by digital technologies. Examples include digital platform-based gig work, remote freelancing, and other online or ICT-facilitated jobs. In a region where inequality and labour informality continue to shape both access to, and outcomes of, digital employment, shifts in digital labour demand urgent and inclusive policy responses.   Qatar and Lebanon – two states with structural and [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/navigating-digital-labour-transitions-in-mena-lessons-from-qatar-and-lebanon/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Will China project hard military power in the Middle East?</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/will-china-project-hard-military-power-in-the-middle-east/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/will-china-project-hard-military-power-in-the-middle-east/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ahmed Aboudouh]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 Aug 2023 11:00:28 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Regional]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[External actors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saudi Arabia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UAE]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=3165</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Although China is likely to use the MENA region as a battleground in the war of values and principles that will shape the future of the world order, it will not resort to military means to realize its objectives. Under Xi Jinping, China has successfully increased its influence in the Middle East and North Africa [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/will-china-project-hard-military-power-in-the-middle-east/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>How is China shaping reforms in the Gulf?</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/how-is-china-shaping-reforms-in-the-gulf/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/how-is-china-shaping-reforms-in-the-gulf/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ahmed Aboudouh]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Aug 2023 13:31:57 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Gulf]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[External actors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saudi Arabia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UAE]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=3043</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[China’s increased influence in the Gulf could help shape regional reforms, which could gradually undermine Western influence and interests in the region. The China-brokered deal restoring diplomatic ties between Saudi Arabia and Iran highlights both the Gulf’s push for economic reform and diversification as well as the increasing influence of China in the region. China’s [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/how-is-china-shaping-reforms-in-the-gulf/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Understanding the GCC Collective Security Mindset</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/understanding-the-gcc-collective-security-mindset/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/understanding-the-gcc-collective-security-mindset/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sanam Vakil]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov 2022 13:53:35 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Gulf]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bahrain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geopolitics & security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kuwait]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saudi Arabia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UAE]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=1860</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Regional security &#8211; or the lack thereof &#8211; has long been a challenge for the six Gulf Arab monarchies. Despite numerous internal and external efforts aimed at addressing Gulf security and bolstering capacity to manage tensions, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states have yet to develop a cohesive or durable framework to manage their security needs. [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/understanding-the-gcc-collective-security-mindset/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>The GCC in 2021: Outlook and key challenges</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/the-gcc-in-2021-outlook-and-key-challenges/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/the-gcc-in-2021-outlook-and-key-challenges/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sanam Vakil]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Jan 2021 09:46:18 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Default]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bahrain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saudi Arabia]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=1539</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Chatham House experts look ahead at what’s in store for the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries in 2021 including their relationship with the United States and with neighbours, energy dynamics and the transformation of their economies. Click here to read the expert comment.]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/the-gcc-in-2021-outlook-and-key-challenges/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Gulf economies need a transformed role for the state</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/gulf-economies-need-a-transformed-role-for-the-state/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/gulf-economies-need-a-transformed-role-for-the-state/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adel Hamaizia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Jan 2021 09:38:36 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Gulf]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bahrain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kuwait]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saudi Arabia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UAE]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=1530</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Gulf governments responded quickly and decisively to the shock of the pandemic with lockdowns among the toughest in the world, according to the Oxford Stringency Index, and as cases dropped, only the UAE has suffered a significant resurgence so far. Although economic policies have eased to support businesses and households, with central banks cutting interest [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/gulf-economies-need-a-transformed-role-for-the-state/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Gulf Divided: The Impact of the Qatar Crisis</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/the-gulf-divided-the-impact-of-the-qatar-crisis/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/the-gulf-divided-the-impact-of-the-qatar-crisis/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jane Kinninmont]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 May 2019 15:28:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Gulf]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geopolitics & security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=1288</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Since 2017 Qatar has been subject to a boycott by Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain and Egypt (the Arab Quartet), creating a deep rift in a region already beset by civil wars and insurgencies. This paper examines the causes and dynamics of this dispute in detail and identifies elements required to reach a solution. Click [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/the-gulf-divided-the-impact-of-the-qatar-crisis/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Iran and the GCC</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/iran-and-the-gcc/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/iran-and-the-gcc/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sanam Vakil]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Sep 2018 11:19:47 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Gulf]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iran]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bahrain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geopolitics & security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kuwait]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Qatar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saudi Arabia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UAE]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=1114</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Hedging, Pragmatism and Opportunism Iran&#8217;s relations with the Gulf states are guided by opportunism rather than an overarching strategy. Click here to download this research paper.]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/iran-and-the-gcc/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
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