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	<title>David Butter &#8211; Kalam</title>
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	<title>David Butter &#8211; Kalam</title>
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		<title>Egypt and the Gulf: Allies and Rivals</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/egypt-and-the-gulf-allies-and-rivals/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/egypt-and-the-gulf-allies-and-rivals/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Butter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2020 08:59:53 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[North Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Egypt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geopolitics & security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saudi Arabia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UAE]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=1485</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[There is and will continue to be an edge of rivalry in Egypt&#8217;s relations with the dominant Gulf Arab powers. This paper will focus primarily on the Egypt&#8211;Gulf relationship during the Sisi era. Click here to download this research paper.]]></description>
		
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		<title>How to salvage Syria&#8217;s economy</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/how-to-salvage-syrias-economy/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/how-to-salvage-syrias-economy/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Butter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Mar 2016 17:04:54 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Levant]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Governance & accountability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Syria]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=666</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The Assad regime&#8217;s economic position remains precarious, and any political settlement to the conflict will need to be underpinned by substantial economic support, primarily from the West. In setting out the terms for such support, the West has the opportunity to exert pressure for changes in governance that could go some way to meeting opposition demands [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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		<title>Salvaging Syria’s economy</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/salvaging-syrias-economy/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/salvaging-syrias-economy/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Butter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Mar 2016 17:00:31 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Levant]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Syria]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=660</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Summary Economic activity under the continuing conflict conditions in Syria has been reduced to the imperatives of survival. The central government remains the most important state-like actor, paying salaries and pensions to an estimated 2 million people, but most Syrians depend in some measure on aid and the war economy. In the continued absence of [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
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		<title>Syria’s economy: Picking up the pieces</title>
		<link>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/syrias-economy-picking-up-the-pieces/</link>
					<comments>https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/syrias-economy-picking-up-the-pieces/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Butter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Feb 2016 15:58:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Levant]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Syria]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kalam.chathamhouse.org/?p=641</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Summary The impact on the Syrian economy of four years of conflict is hard to quantify, and no statistical analysis can adequately convey the scale of the human devastation that the war has wrought. Nevertheless, the task of mitigating the effects of the conflict and planning for the future requires some understanding of the core economic issues. Syria’s [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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